" castigates "

[Verb]  | "cas*ti*gate" | \ ˈka-stə-ˌgāt \

1: to subject to severe punishment, reproof, or criticism

Origin: 1606 ;

 Borrowed from Latin castīgātus, past participle of castīgāre "to discipline for a fault or lapse, reprove, censure," perhaps from *casti-, stem of *castis "reprimand" (going back to Indo-European *ḱHs-ti-, whence also Sanskrit śiṣṭi- "instruction") + *-ig-, going back to Indo-European -h2ǵ-, zero-grade of *h2eǵ- "drive, impel, lead" {mat|agent|};

  * Note : This etymology follows G. Dunkel, "Latin verbs in -igāre and -īgāre," 125 Jahre Indogermanistik in Graz (Graz: Leykam, 2000), pp. 87-99. According to the older conventional explanation, the initial element is the adjective castus "free from, untouched (by the thing specified), pure, not sexually promiscuous" (see: {chaste|chaste}), but semantically this is a poor fit, and does not clearly account for the long ī. On the other hand, Dunkel's hypothesis would mean that Indo-European *ḱeHs- shows up in Latin only in this presumed i-stem derivative and nowhere else, unless castus itself can be attributed to the same etymon—but again that does not fit well semantically ("instruct, reprove" > "pure"?). See also the note at {chaste|chaste}.;

[Noun]  | "self-cas*ti*ga*tion" | \ ˌself-ˌka-stə-ˈgā-shən \

1: punishment, reproof, or criticism of oneself

Origin: 1759 ;

[Verb]  | "castigates" 

[Verb]  | "castigate"