" pepper "

[Noun]  | "pep*per" | \ ˈpe-pər \

1: either of two pungent spices that consist of the dried, typically ground fruit of an Indian vine (Piper nigrum):

2: black pepper

3: white pepper

Origin: before 12th century ;

 Middle English peper, from Old English pipor, from Latin piper, from Greek peperi;

[Noun]  | "pepper" 

1: a baseball practice or warm-up game in which usually several fielders toss the ball a short distance to a single batter who hits it back

Origin: 1943 ;

 Probably from {see: |pep:2|pep:2} + {see: |-er:2|-er:2};

[Noun]  | "cap*si*cum" | \ ˈkap-si-kəm \

1: any of a genus (Capsicum) of tropical American herbs and shrubs of the nightshade family widely cultivated for their many-seeded usually fleshy-walled berries —called also pepper

2: pepper

3: an oleoresin derived from the fruit of some capsicums that contains capsaicin and related compounds and is used medicinally especially as a topical pain reliever

Origin: 1588 ;

 Borrowed from New Latin (Linnaeus), earlier, a name for various species of Piper, borrowed from Middle Greek kapsikón, of uncertain origin;

  * Note : The name capsicum was introduced into Renaissance botany by the French physician and botanist Jean Ruel, who, in De medicamentorum compositione (Paris, 1539; Basel, 1540), translated Books 5 and 6 of De methodo medendi/Theurapeutikḕ méthodos by the Byzantine physician Johannes Actuarius/Ioannes Aktuarios (ca. 1275-ca. 1328). Actuarius included kapsikón in a pharmaceutical recipe among other plants (… item sitezium indicum, capsicum, piper longum, tenue cinamomum) apparently similar in action to ginger and galanga, but see:ms to indicate nothing further about it. (The Greek text of these two books has never been published.) Earlier, in his botanical and pharmaceutical encyclopedia De natura stirpium libri tres (Paris: Simon de Collines, 1536), p. 380, Jean Ruel alludes to the capsicon of Actuarius as a synonym for cardamom, so called because … the see:ds are arranged in a row, enclosed in a kind of case, as if they are collected in a capsa (… semina in ordinem digesta, quibusdam thecis inuoluentibus, quasi capsis congerantur). This notion that capsicum has something to do with Latin capsa, case, receptacle, is repeated by many subsequent authors. The botanist Gaspard Bauhin employs capsicum as a synonym for piper, pepper (Phytopinax, seu enumeratio plantarum, Basel, 1596, pp. 155-56), which eventually gives rise to the Linnaean usage; he proffers a completely different etymology, from Greek káptein to gulp down, swallow up: Kapsikón [Greek letters] Actuario, fortè quod semen comestum mordeat, à káptō [Greek letters] mordeo (Kapsikón in Actuarius, perhaps because the see:d once eaten causes a sting, from káptō I bite). Neither Ruel's nor Bauhin's etymologies make sense derivationally, so the origin—as well as the identity—of Actuarius' kapsikón remain obscure, at least until further examination of the original Greek text.;

[Noun]  | "pepper jack cheese" 

1: a semisoft cheese with high moisture content to which chopped hot peppers (such as jalapeños) have been added

Origin: 1973 ;

 {see: |pepper:1|pepper:1} + {see: |jack:1|jack:1} (in sense {see: |monterey jack|Monterey Jack}) + {see: |cheese:1|cheese:1};

[Noun]  | "pepper mill" 

1: a hand mill for grinding peppercorns

Origin: 1631 ;

[Noun]  | "pepper pot" 

1: pepperbox

2: a highly seasoned West Indian stew of vegetables and meat or fish

3: a thick soup of tripe, meat, dumplings, and vegetables highly seasoned especially with crushed peppercorns —called also Philadelphia pepper pot

Origin: 1679 ;

[Noun]  | "pepper shaker" 

1: a container with a perforated top for sprinkling pepper

Origin: 1895 ;

[Noun]  | "pepper spray" 

1: a temporarily disabling aerosol that is composed partly of capsicum oleoresin and causes irritation and blinding of the eyes and inflammation of the nose, throat, and skin

Origin: 1979 ;

[Verb]  | "pepper" 

1: to sprinkle or season with pepper

2: to shower with or as if with shot or other missiles

3: to hit with or as if with rapid repeated blows

Origin: before 12th century ;

[Adjective]  | "pep*per-and-salt" | \ ˌpe-pər(-ə)n(d)-ˈsȯlt \

1: salt-and-pepper

Origin: 1751 ;

[Verb]  | "pepper"